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Medications For ADHD
The most commonly prescribed medication for ADHD is stimulants. They can be used quickly to improve concentration and decrease impulsivity and hyperactivity. They can cause adverse effects such as stomach upset, headaches and changes in blood-pressure and heart rate.
Amphétamines and methylphenidates comprise the two main classes of stimulants. They are available in liquid or chewable form, and also as short-acting, intermediate-acting or long-acting medications.
Stimulants
The most frequently prescribed medication for ADHD is stimulants. They boost brain chemicals dopamine and norepinephrine which increase focus and attention. They are available in immediate-release (short-acting) and extended-release formulations. The most commonly used stimulants are methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta) and amphetamines and dextroamphetamine (Adderall). They can have serious adverse effects and have a significant risk of misuse. These medications should only be taken with a doctor's approval. A natural supplement called L-tyrosine can also increase dopamine and norepinephrine levels, however, it should not be taken without a physician's supervision.
The most effective treatments combine medication, therapy, behavior changes, and training for skills. This is often referred to as multimodal treatment. adhd medication pregnancy can ease symptoms for most adults and children, but they don't cure the condition. They must be taken on a regular basis to reap the maximum benefits. In many cases, medications may require adjustment to find the dosage that is effective in controlling symptoms while causing minimal adverse consequences.
Some sufferers feel their symptoms are relieved by taking a short-acting stimulant in the morning, and then supplement it with an extended-release medication in late afternoon and evening. This can prevent a "crash" when the medication wears off which can result in short-lived depression and fatigue.
In the last few decades, amphetamines have been extensively abused for non-medical reasons particularly by truck drivers, students and athletes to stay awake and to boost performance. These drugs can reach the brain quickly and induce a feeling of euphoria, energy and alertness. They can be snorted, inhaled, or consumed. Some of these drugs are addictive.
The FDA has approved atomoxetine, also called Vyvanse (Vyvanse) and guanfacine, or Fastin (Guanfacine), to treat adults with ADHD. They belong to a class of medicines known as alpha-2 adrenergic agonists, which are originally developed to lower blood pressure. These drugs are effective in treating ADHD because they have a calming affect and reduce hyperactivity and aggression. These medications have a low chance of serious side effects, but they can increase blood pressure and heart rate and can interact with some prescription and over-the-counter medicines.
Other medications for treating ADHD include Clonidine (Kanerol) and antidepressants. These medications can control ADHD symptoms in some people. They are usually prescribed when stimulants do not provide sufficient relief or cause unpleasant adverse effects. Tricyclic antidepressants, such as imipramine or Nortriptyline can be effective in certain instances, but they have side effects that are difficult to manage.
Treatment Options for ADHD
Many people with ADHD do not need to take medication, but they can benefit from developing healthy habits of living and coping. Certain adults with mild or moderate symptoms can manage symptoms through diet and physical activity and some require the help of a therapist. Cognitive behavioral therapy, or CBT is a form of therapy that uses talk to teach you skills that can help you change your thinking and act. Other self-help methods, like diet modifications and supplements can be beneficial but should not be used without medical advice.